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Bureaucracy
Hierarchy
Impersonable
Written rules of conduct
Promotion based on achievement
Specialized division of labour.
Efficiency is the main goal.
Bureaucracy Continued
Bureaucracies are driven by goals.
Information flows up the hierarchy.
Command directives flow down
SOP?s
Cronyism
Weber?s Ideal Type of bureaucracy is just that , an ideal.
Only as a result of bureaucracy is it possible for large scale organizations to exist. To exist and be controlled.
Bureaucracy made the growth of the modern state and economy possible.
Authority
Traditional authority - often dominates pre-modern society. It is based on the belief of the sanctity of tradition.
Rational / Legal authority - is anchored in impersonal rules that have been legally established.
Charismatic authority - rests on the appeal of leaders who demand allegiance because of the force of their extraordinary personalities
Causality
Weber is not trying to prove that Marx is wrong.
Weber merely disagrees with Marx?s assumptions that only one cause is responsible for determining the shift from Traditional to Modern society.
Weber thought that Marx?s account of one particular causal chain could not take into account the complex web of causation linking social structures and ideas.
Weber
Agreeing with Marx
He agreed with economic factors being key in understanding the social system.
He did however put more emphasis on the social and interaction of ideas and values on socio-
cultural evolution.
So where does the change from traditional society to modern society get its impetus from. What caused it?
"The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism"
The Protestant ethic broke the hold of tradition.
Calvinism & Predestination
Purity
Predestination - this concept refers to the idea that only a select few are going to heaven. These few are already decided by God and nothing can alter it.
Those who are going to heaven will know that they have been blessed by God.
Predestination
Those who have been blessed with wealth are truly blessed.
Good works and acts of faith could not alter this predestination.
You were either elected or you were not.
Purity -ascetic
Another main aspect of Calvinism was denying the impulses of the flesh.
Money that was earned was not to be spent frivolously.
The money that was earned was therefore reinvested.
Those, the growth of capital
Work Ethic
So Capital investment increased and businesses expanded.
People acquired a work ethic.
Whereas before work produced little surplus. Now surplus was sought.
Surplus wealth was then reinvested.
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